Complete genome sequence of Spirosoma linguale type strain (1)

Abstract

Spirosoma linguale Migula 1894 is the type species of the genus. S. linguale is a free-living and non-pathogenic organism, known for its peculiar ringlike and horseshoe-shaped cell morphology. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is only the third completed genome sequence of a member of the family Cytophagaceae. The 8,491,258 bp long genome with its eight plasmids, 7,069 protein-coding and 60 RNA genes is part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.

Keywords: Cytophagaceae; GEBA; aerobic; free-living; non-pathogenic; oligotrophic; psychroactive; ringlike morphology.

Figure 1

Phylogenetic tree highlighting the position of S. linguale 1^T and the type strains of the other species within the genus relative to the other type strains within the family Cytophagaceae. The tree was inferred from 1,320 aligned characters [9,10] of the 16S rRNA gene sequence under the maximum likelihood criterion [11] and rooted with the type strain of the family Sphingobacteriaceae. The branches are scaled in terms of the expected number of substitutions per site. Numbers above branches are support values from 1,000 bootstrap replicates if larger than 60%. Lineages with type strain genome sequencing projects registered in GOLD [12] are shown in blue, published genomes such as the one of Dyadobacter fermentans [13] in bold.

Figure 2

Scanning electron micrograph of S. linguale 1^T

Figure 3

Graphical circular map of the chromosome (A) and the eight plasmids: pSLIN01 (B), pSLIN02 (C), pSLIN03 (D), pSLIN04 (E), pSLIN05 (F), pSLIN06 (G), pSLIN07 (H), pSLIN08 (I). Plasmids not drawn to scale. From outside to the center: Genes on forward strand (color by COG categories), Genes on reverse strand (color by COG categories), RNA genes (tRNAs green, rRNAs red, other RNAs black), GC content, GC skew.