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Review
. 2010 Dec 28;12(1):78-113.
doi: 10.3390/ijms12010078.

Cell surface markers in colorectal cancer prognosis

Larissa Belov  1 , Jerry Zhou, Richard I Christopherson
Affiliations
Review

Cell surface markers in colorectal cancer prognosis

Larissa Belov et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The classification of colorectal cancers (CRC) is currently based largely on histologically determined tumour characteristics, such as differentiation status and tumour stage, i.e., depth of tumour invasion, involvement of regional lymph nodes and the occurrence of metastatic spread to other organs. These are the conventional prognostic factors for patient survival and often determine the requirement for adjuvant therapy after surgical resection of the primary tumour. However, patients with the same CRC stage can have very different disease-related outcomes. For some, surgical removal of early-stage tumours leads to full recovery, while for others, disease recurrence and metastasis may occur regardless of adjuvant therapy. It is therefore important to understand the molecular processes that lead to disease progression and metastasis and to find more reliable prognostic markers and novel targets for therapy. This review focuses on cell surface proteins that correlate with tumour progression, metastasis and patient outcome, and discusses some of the challenges in finding prognostic protein markers in CRC.

Keywords: biomarkers; colorectal cancer; prognostic; proteomics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Binding patterns of a disaggregated stage II, poorly differentiated, CRC sample on a DotScan™ CRC antibody microarray. (A) Antibody locations for duplicate arrays. Numbers refer to CD antigens; other abbreviations are TCR, T-cell receptor; κ, λ, immunoglobulin light chains; slg, surface immunoglobulin; DCC, deleted in colorectal cancer protein; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; FAP, fibroblast activation protein; HLA-A,B,C and HLA-DR, human leukocyte antigens A,B,C and DR, respectively; MICA, MHC class I chain-related protein A; MMP-14, matrix metallopeptidase 14; PIGR, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor; TSP-1, thrombospondin-1; Mabthera, humanised anti-CD20. Alignment dots around microarray consist of a mixture of CD44 and CD29 antibodies. (B) Optical scan; (C) and (D) fluorescence multiplexing using PE-anti-CD3 and Alexa 647-EpCAM, respectively.
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