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Review
. 2011 Apr;7 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):80-8.
doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00304.x.

Impact of fatty acid status on growth and neurobehavioural development in humans

Maria Makrides  1 , Carmel T Collins, Robert A Gibson
Affiliations
Review

Impact of fatty acid status on growth and neurobehavioural development in humans

Maria Makrides et al. Matern Child Nutr. 2011 Apr.

Abstract

Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation during the perinatal period on the growth and neurobehavioural development of young children. Most of these intervention trials have involved infants from high-income countries, and a significant proportion have investigated supplementation of infant formulas. Generally, supplementation of infant formula for preterm rather than term infants has demonstrated more consistent, positive effects on aspects of neurobehavioural development, while the growth of both term and preterm infants appears unaffected by LCPUFA supplementation. Maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy has consistently resulted in modest increases in birth size, and the most recent study suggests that this is also true from women from low-income environments. The effect of maternal supplementation on global neurobehavioural outcomes for children born at term remains unclear, although n-3 LCPUFA supplementation of women expressing milk for their preterm infants does improve their performance on tests of global neurodevelopment. Further work is required to determine whether dietary n-3 LCPUFA is neuroprotective for children from disadvantaged or low-income backgrounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

Dr Makrides serves on scientific advisory boards for Nestle, Fonterra and Nutricia. Dr Gibson serves on scientific advisory boards for Nestle and Fonterra. Associated honoraria for Drs Makrides and Gibson are paid to their institutions to support conference travel and continuing education for post‐graduate students and early career researchers. The authors have no financial interest in the sales or marketing of infant formula products or maternal supplements.

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