Biweekly cetuximab and irinotecan as second-line therapy in patients with gastro-esophageal cancer previously treated with platinum

Abstract

Background: Until recently there has been no proven second-line therapy for patients with advanced gastro-esophageal cancer (GEC). Since 2004, Denmark has had a national health program where non-proven therapy can be offered to patients with advanced cancer, after approval by an expert panel appointed by the National Board of Health. This program has accelerated the introduction and implementation of new therapies in Denmark. Inspired by therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer, a combination of cetuximab and irinotecan (Cetiri) was chosen for second-line therapy in GEC patients. We report our experience with Cetiri as second-line therapy in patients with GEC.

Methods: All patients had histologically confirmed GEC and all patients had progressive disease during or after first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy. The patients received cetuximab 500 mg/m(2) on day 1 and irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) on day 1 every 2nd week until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Toxicity was prospectively evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 3.0.

Results: From December 2007 to February 2009, 50 consecutive patients received Cetiri as second-line therapy. Median performance status (PS) was 1. The median number of courses was seven. Seven patients (14%) had a partial response. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.3 months and overall survival (OS) was 5.5 months; two patients are still alive without progressive disease. Major toxicities were: diarrhea (8%), fatigue (10%), neutropenia (16%), and febrile neutropenia (2%).

Conclusion: Cetiri every two weeks is a convenient and well-tolerated second-line regimen in GEC patients. A promising effect was seen in patients with PS 0-1 and in patients who developed a rash.