Use of spironolactone in dermatology

Abstract

Spironolactone has been used as a potassium-sparing diuretic for more than 30 years. It is a synthetic 17-lactone steroid and primarily acts as an aldosterone antagonist. Since the accidental discovery of its antiandrogenic effects, it has been used in the treatment of many dermatologic conditions in which androgen plays a role in the pathogenesis. Antiandrogenic effects of spironolactone are exerted by reducing testosterone production and inhibiting its action on the target tissues. Spironolactone is used as a primary medical treatment for hirsutism and female pattern hair loss. Continuous treatment is required to sustain the effect. It is an effective alternative treatment for acne in women. It has the benefit of a long-term safety profile. Spironolactone should not be used in pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects and is not used in men due to the risk of feminization.