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. 2011 Jun 8;133(22):8392-5.
doi: 10.1021/ja2004736. Epub 2011 Apr 4.

Controlling and switching the morphology of micellar nanoparticles with enzymes

Ti-Hsuan Ku  1 , Miao-Ping Chien, Matthew P Thompson, Robert S Sinkovits, Norman H Olson, Timothy S Baker, Nathan C Gianneschi
Affiliations

Controlling and switching the morphology of micellar nanoparticles with enzymes

Ti-Hsuan Ku et al. J Am Chem Soc. .

Abstract

Micelles were prepared from polymer-peptide block copolymer amphiphiles containing substrates for protein kinase A, protein phosphatase-1, and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. We examine reversible switching of the morphology of these micelles through a phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle and study peptide-sequence directed changes in morphology in response to proteolysis. Furthermore, the exceptional uniformity of these polymer-peptide particles makes them amenable to cryo-TEM reconstruction techniques lending insight into their internal structure.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Peptide-substrate polymeric amphiphiles assemble into spherical micelles. The peptide substrates within the micelle corona interact with enzymes to generate a variety of morphologies of polymeric amphiphile aggregates depending on the design of the peptide substrate and enzymes added.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TEM characterization of M1. (a) Micrograph of M1 sample, stained with 1% uranyl acetate. (b) Micrograph of unstained vitrified M1 sample. (c) Reconstructed radial density plot from cryo-TEM data (Supporting information, Figure 2S).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Response of M2 to sequential additions of PKA and PP1. (a) TEM and (b) SEM: M2 (20 μM with respect to polymer-peptide amphiphile) treated with PKA (2500 U) plus ATP (2 mM) and incubated at 30 °C for 24 hrs followed by dialysis. (c) TEM and (d) SEM: Phosphorylated particles subjected either to dialysis, or heat denaturation of PKA (20 min, 65 °C) prior to treatment with PP1 (2.5 U) for at 30 °C for 24 hrs. (e) DLS confirms increase and decrease of aggregate size in solution via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation respectively. (f) Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation were confirmed by radiolabelling the particles using [γ-32P] ATP. Heat denaturation and extended dialysis had no effect on M2 micelles alone. Note that no change is observed by DLS in the presence of ATP (2 mM) without addition of PKA.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Response of micelles M1 and M2 to treatment with MMPs. (a) TEM M1 + MMP-2. (b) SEM M1 + MMP-2. (c) TEM M2 + MMP-2. (d) SEM M2 + MMP-2. (e-f) DLS shown for particles indicating changes in particle size upon MMP treatment as indicated. Micelles at 20 μM (with respect to polymer-peptide amphiphile), were incubated with MMPs (100 μU) at 37 °C for 24 hrs (Tris-HCL, 50 mM, pH 7.4).
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