Left ventricular hypertrophy regression and function changes with ketanserin in elderly hypertensives

Abstract

Ketanserin is a serotonin antagonist with age-related antihypertensive efficacy. Its effects on left ventricular (LV) function and hypertrophy have not been adequately reported. We studied noninvasively 54 elderly hypertensives before and 6 months after ketanserin monotherapy. Mean blood pressure was controlled (174/101 to 145/86 mmHg, p less than 0.0001) with no heart rate changes. LV dimensions and volumes remained unchanged, as did all LV ejection indices, thus preserving LV output (p = ns). Total peripheral resistances fell (from means of 1986 to 1615 dynes, cm.s-5, p less than 0.0001), as did LV systolic wall stresses. Mean LV mass was reduced (248 to 237 g, p less than 0.0001), mainly due to interventricular septum thinning (11.8 to 11.1 mm, p less than 0.0001), resulting in a decrease in mean LV cross-sectional area (21.3 to 20.5 cm2, p less than 0.0001) and mass/volume ratio (2.14 to 2.01 p = 0.0001). Thus, LV hypertrophy regression did not affect contractility (LV mass index relation to stress/end-systolic volume index, r = -0.558 before and r = -0.564 after ketanserin therapy). It is concluded that ketanserin is an effective antihypertensive agent in the elderly that reduces LV hypertrophy indices and maintains cardiac output, with no concomitant burdening on LV hemodynamics.