Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2011 Sep;13(9):880-5.
doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr071. Epub 2011 Apr 18.

Characteristics of rural Appalachian women who enroll in a tobacco dependence treatment clinical trial

Mark B Troyer  1 , Amy K Ferketich, David M Murray, Electra D Paskett, Mary Ellen Wewers
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Characteristics of rural Appalachian women who enroll in a tobacco dependence treatment clinical trial

Mark B Troyer et al. Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical trials are needed to inform evidence-based smoking cessation approaches in rural and Appalachian women, but trial enrollment in these groups is sparse. Little is known about factors associated with enrollment of Appalachian women in tobacco dependence treatment randomized clinical trials (RCT). We report a comparison of Appalachian women enrolling in a tobacco dependence treatment RCT to those declining and identify correlates to enrollment.

Methods: Smokers identified during a cervical health-related survey among Ohio Appalachian women were invited to enroll in a tobacco dependence treatment RCT incorporating behavioral counseling and nicotine replacement. Women who agreed to enroll were compared to women who declined in terms of sociodemographic, health- and smoking-related measures.

Results: The mean age of women sampled was 35.1 years. Women reported daily consumption of 1-10 (39%), 11-20 (46%), or >20 (16%) cigarettes. In a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for age and nicotine dependence, pros of smoking most outweighing cons (odds ratio [OR] = 0.11, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.03, 0.39), ≥3 prior quit attempts versus 1 attempt (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.59), and not having health insurance (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.77) were associated with decreased odds of RCT enrollment.

Conclusions: Rural Appalachian women who enrolled in a tobacco dependence treatment RCT differed significantly in motivational and cognitive attitudes toward smoking, insurance status, and number of prior quit attempts, as compared to those who did not enroll. Techniques that foster motivation to quit smoking as a means of boosting RCT enrollment are discussed.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Ahijevych K, Kuun P, Christman S, Wood T, Browning K, Wewers ME. Beliefs about tobacco among appalachian current and former users. Applied Nursing Research. 2003;16:93–102. doi:10.1016/S0897-1897(03)00009-0. - PubMed
    1. Ahluwalia JS, Richter K, Mayo MS, Ahluwalia HK, Choi WS, Schmelzle KH, et al. African American smokers interested and eligible for a smoking cessation clinical trial: Predictors of not returning for randomization. Annals of Epidemiology. 2002;12:206–212. doi:10.1016/S1047-2797(01)00305-2. - PubMed
    1. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 1983;24:385–396. doi:10.2307/2136404. - PubMed
    1. Dahm JL, Cook E, Baugh K, Wileyto EP, Pinto A, Leone F, et al. Predictors of enrollment in a smoking cessation clinical trial after eligibility screening. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2009;101:450–455. Retrieved from: http://www.nmanet.org/index.php/Publications_Sub/jnma. - PubMed
    1. Devins GM, Orme CM, Costello CG, Binik YM, Frizzell B, Stam HJ, et al. Measuring depressive symptoms in illness populations: Psychometric properties of the center for epidemiologic studies depression (CES-D) scale. Psychology and Health. 1988;2:139–156. doi:10.1080/08870448808400349.

Publication types