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Review
. 2011 Jul;25(7):833-42.
doi: 10.1038/eye.2011.81. Epub 2011 Apr 29.

Optic neuritis

D Pau  1 , N Al Zubidi, S Yalamanchili, G T Plant, A G Lee
Affiliations
Review

Optic neuritis

D Pau et al. Eye (Lond). 2011 Jul.

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to provide a clinical update on optic neuritis (ON), its association with multiple sclerosis (MS), and neuromyelitis optica (NMO).

Methods: This study included a PubMed review of the literature written in the English language.

Results: ON in adults is typically idiopathic or demyelinating, and is characterised by unilateral, subacute, painful loss of vision that is not associated with any systemic or other neurological symptoms. Demyelinating ON is associated with MS, and we review the key studies of ON including the ON treatment trial and several other MS treatment trials and NMO.

Conclusion: Acute demyelinating ON can occur in isolation or be associated with MS. Typical ON does not require additional evaluation other than cranial magnetic resonance imaging. NMO is likely a separate disorder from MS and the ON in NMO has a different treatment and prognosis.

Methodology: The authors conducted an English language search using Pubmed from the years 1964 to 2010 using the search terms 'ON', 'MS' and 'NMO'. The authors included original articles, review articles, and case reports, which revealed new aspects as far as epidemiology, histopathology, clinical manifestations, imaging, genetics, and treatment of ON. Titles were reviewed for topicality and full references were obtained. Letters to the editor, unpublished work, and abstracts were not included in this review.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A 14-year-old male with papillitis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) A 33-year-old female with superior arcuate defect on visual field secondary to optic neuritis. (b) The same patient approximately at 4 months later after treatment with intravenous steroids.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A 33-year-old female with optic atrophy secondary to optic neuritis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
A 37-year-old female with left optic nerve enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging consistent with optic neuritis.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a–f) A 23-year-old female with hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted imaging (a–d) and post-gadolinium enhancing lesions T1-FLAIR imaging (e and f), consistent with demyelinating disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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