Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2010 Dec 1;33(8):1491-1505.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2010.07.018.

ICE SLURRY APPLICATIONS

M Kauffeld  1 , M J Wang, V Goldstein, K E Kasza
Affiliations

ICE SLURRY APPLICATIONS

M Kauffeld et al. Int J Refrig. .

Abstract

The role of secondary refrigerants is expected to grow as the focus on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions increases. The effectiveness of secondary refrigerants can be improved when phase changing media are introduced in place of single phase media. Operating at temperatures below the freezing point of water, ice slurry facilitates several efficiency improvements such as reductions in pumping energy consumption as well as lowering the required temperature difference in heat exchangers due to the beneficial thermo-physical properties of ice slurry. Research has shown that ice slurry can be engineered to have ideal ice particle characteristics so that it can be easily stored in tanks without agglomeration and then be extractable for pumping at very high ice fraction without plugging. In addition ice slurry can be used in many direct contact food and medical protective cooling applications. This paper provides an overview of the latest developments in ice slurry technology.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical and thermal smoothing of globular and dendritic ice particles yields dramatic improvements in ice slurry behaviour: (a) no smoothing; bad ice slurry; (b) with smoothing; good ice slurry (Kasza and Hayashi, 2001).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical and thermal smoothing of globular and dendritic ice particles yields dramatic improvements in ice slurry behaviour: (a) no smoothing; bad ice slurry; (b) with smoothing; good ice slurry (Kasza and Hayashi, 2001).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical smoothing and mixer rpm required for mixing crushed ice particle slurry (Kasza and Hayashi, 1999).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of coolant flow rate and storage tank volume for ice slurry and conventional chilled water (Kasza and Chen, 1987).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Transport capacity of ice slurry (kW of cooling at full melt off) in pipes (Drør : Inner pipe diameter) (Kauffeld et al, 2005).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Transport capacity of ice slurry (kW of cooling at full melt off) in pipes (Drør : Inner pipe diameter) (Kauffeld et al, 2005).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Ratio of ice slurry transport capability and required pumping power versus ice mass fraction for 15 mm tube (Grozdek, 2009).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Influence of particle size and ice fraction on pipe pressure drop; ice slurry versus water (Liu et al., 1988; Choi et al., 1988).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Pressure drop in a 7 meter long, 50 mm internal diameter pipe: ice slurry (18 % ice loaded; solid symbol) and water (1 °C; open symbol) ; (Liu et al., 1988; Choi et al., 1988).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Schematic of Argonne ice slurry facility.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Schematic of distributed-load ice slurry building cooling system.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Schematic layout of an ice slurry system similar to Klinikum Stuttgart.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Principle diagram of an ice slurry system for bakery application.
Figure 12
Figure 12
A low salinity ice slurry system used onboard a Japanese purse seiner.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Slurry cooling of brain and heart during cardiac arrest.
Figure 14
Figure 14
a, b: Endoscope view of kidney a) before being covered with ice slurry and b) after coating the external surface with ice slurry: protects kidney for > 90 min
Figure 14
Figure 14
a, b: Endoscope view of kidney a) before being covered with ice slurry and b) after coating the external surface with ice slurry: protects kidney for > 90 min
Figure 15
Figure 15
Temperature of kidney cooled with ice slurry for protection during 90 minute surgery.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Ice slurry delivery through a 100 cm long cardiac catheter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Asaoka T, Saito A, Okawa S, Ito T, Izumi N. Vacuum freezing type ice slurry production using ethanol solution 1st report: Measurement of vapor-liquid equilibrium data of ethanol solution at 20 8C and at the freezing temperature. Int. J. of Refr. 2009;32:387–393. 394–401.
    1. Becker L, Kasza K, et al. American Heart Association. New Orleans, Louisiana: 2000. Rapid Induction of Hypothermia Using Phase Change Ice Slurry: Targeted Cooling of the Heart and Brain During Cardiac Arrest, presented.
    1. Bédécarrats J-P, David T, Castaing-Lasvignottes J. Ice slurry production using supercooling phenomenon. Int. J. of Refr. 2010;33:196–204.
    1. Boyette MD, Estes EA. Postharvest Technology Series AG-414-5. Carolina Cooperative Extension Service; 2000. Crushed and Liquid Ice cooling.
    1. Carmen A, et al. Effects of storage in ozonised slurry ice on the sensory and microbial quality of sardine. Int. J. of Food Microbiology. 2005;103:121–130. - PubMed