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Clinical Trial
. 2011 May;84(5):825-9.
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0699.

Plasmodium falciparum infection during suppressive prophylaxis with mefloquine does not induce an antibody response to merozoite surface protein-1(42)

James E Moon  1 , Gregory A Deye, Lori Miller, Susan Fracisco, R Scott Miller, Donna Tosh, James F Cummings, Colin Ohrt, Alan J Magill
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Plasmodium falciparum infection during suppressive prophylaxis with mefloquine does not induce an antibody response to merozoite surface protein-1(42)

James E Moon et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 May.

Abstract

A sensitive biomarker of malaria infection would obviate the need for placebo control arms in clinical trials of malaria prophylactic drugs. Antibodies to the 42-kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) have been identified as a potential marker of malaria exposure in individuals receiving prophylaxis with mefloquine. We conducted an open-label trial to determine the sensitivity of seroconversion to MSP1(42), defined as a fourfold rise in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) titer, among 23 malaria naïve volunteers receiving mefloquine prophylaxis and 6 controls after Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge. All members of the control cohort but none of the mefloquine cohort developed patent parasitemia. Four of six controls but zero of the mefloquine cohort seroconverted to MSP1(42). We conclude that malaria infection during suppressive prophylaxis does not induce antibody response to the blood-stage antigen MSP1(42) in a malaria-naïve study population.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Study flow diagram. The numbers of subjects completing each phase of the study are shown.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The mean whole-blood concentration of mefloquine is presented ±1 standard deviation (SD) in ng/mL over time for the mefloquine cohort. All samples on study day −2 were below the limit of detection (dashed line) for the assay used (80 ng/mL).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
A box plot of fold changes in anti–PfMSP-1(42) ELISA titer by time (days) and treatment group is presented. Control cohort (C) and mefloquine cohort (MQ) mean (•), median (horizontal bar in box), interquartile (box), minimum, and maximum (vertical lines) titer values are plotted.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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