Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2010 Oct;26(4):523-7.

A clinical study comparing epinephrine 200μg or clonidine 90μg as adjuvants to local anaesthetic agent in brachial plexus block via supraclavicular approach

Priti M Chawda  1 , Gunjan Sharma
Affiliations

A clinical study comparing epinephrine 200μg or clonidine 90μg as adjuvants to local anaesthetic agent in brachial plexus block via supraclavicular approach

Priti M Chawda et al. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Oct.

Abstract

Background: A double blind randomized prospective study was undertaken to determine the effect of adjuncts like epinephrine 200μg or clonidine 90μg in combination of bupivacaine and lignocaine into the brachial plexus sheath to study the sensory and motor onset, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic changes and adverse effects. PATIENTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Methods: 60 patients aged 18-65 years, with ASA grade I and II were randomly divided into group I and group II to receive 10 ml of lignocaine2% and 20 ml of bupivacaine0.5% with 1ml of 200μg epinephrine or 90μg clonidine respectively. Onset of sensory blockade was determined by pinprick method by a three point score and motor blockade by three point scale. Duration of postoperative analgesia, the hemodynamic changes, sedation scores and any adverse effects were observed. Statistical analysis was done by student's "t" test and p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results: It was found that there was faster onset of sensory and motor blockade, the postoperative analgesia was prolonged and the amount of sedation was profound in group II as compared to group I. All the above findings were statistically significant.

Conclusion: We thereby conclude that clonidine 90μg is a better option as an additive than epinephrine 200μg for hastening the onset of sensory and motor block with prolonged postoperative analgesia and sedation as the only adverse effect.

Keywords: Clonidine; Epinephrine; Supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Systolic blood pressure changes
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diastolic blood pressure changes
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pulse rate changes
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sedation score
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Halstead Crile. 7th ed. London: Lioyd Luke; 2003. Great moments in the history of anaesthesiology in a practice of anaesthesia; p. 8.
    1. Cousins MJ, Bridenbaugh PO. Neural blockade in clinical anesthesia and management of pain, Philadel-phia: J B Lippincott. 1987:111–44.
    1. Collins JG, Kitaheta LM, Matsumoto M, Homma E, Suzukawa M. Spinally administered epinephrine sup-presses noxiously evoked activity of wide dynamic range neurons in the dorsal horn. Anesthesiology. 1984;60:269–75. - PubMed
    1. Fletwood Walker AM, Mitchell R, Hope P S, Molony V, Igoo A. An alpha 2 receptor mediates the selective inhibition by noradrenaline of nociceptive responses of identified dorsal horn neurons. Brain Res. 1985;334:243–54. - PubMed
    1. Sullivan A F, Dashwood M R, Dickenson A H. Alpha 2 adrenoceptor modulation of nociception in rat spinal cord: location, effects and interactions with morphine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1987;138:169–77. - PubMed