Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2011 Jul;156(3):1006-15.
doi: 10.1104/pp.111.175281. Epub 2011 May 11.

Metabolic adaptations of phosphate-starved plants

William C Plaxton  1 , Hue T Tran
Affiliations
Review

Metabolic adaptations of phosphate-starved plants

William C Plaxton et al. Plant Physiol. 2011 Jul.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
A model suggesting various adaptive metabolic processes (indicated by asterisks) that may help plants acclimatize to nutritional Pi deficiency. Alternative pathways of cytosolic glycolysis, mitochondrial electron transport, and tonoplast H+ pumping facilitate respiration and vacuolar pH maintenance by −Pi plant cells because they negate the dependence on adenylates and Pi, the levels of which become markedly depressed during severe Pi starvation. Large quantities of organic acids produced by PEPC, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and citrate synthase (CS) may also be excreted by roots to increase the availability of: (1) mineral-bound Pi (by solubilizing calcium, iron, and aluminum phosphates = Met-Pi), and (2) organic P and its amenability to hydrolysis by secreted PAPs. During Pi deprivation vacuolar PAPs (PAP-V) are up-regulated to recycle Pi from nonessential intracellular Pi monoesters. Similarly, secreted PAPs (PAP-S) scavenge Pi from extracellular Pi monoester and nucleic acid fragment pools for its eventual uptake by PSI high-affinity Pi transporters of the plasma membrane.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Alternative pathways of cytosolic glycolysis and mitochondrial electron transport (indicated by bold arrows) that may promote the survival of Pi-deprived plants. A key component of this model is the critical role played by PPi-dependent glycolytic bypass enzymes and metabolic Pi recycling systems during Pi deprivation. Enzymes that catalyze the numbered reactions are as follows: 1, hexokinase; 2, fructokinase; 3, nucleoside diphosphate kinase; 4, phosphoglucose mutase; 5, phosphoglucose isomerase; 6, NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (phosphorylating); 7, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. Abbreviations are as described in the text or as follows: DHAP, dihydroxyacetone-P; G3P, glyceraldehyde-3-P; 1,3-DPGA, 1,3-P2-glycerate; 3-PGA, 3-phosphoglycerate; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; OAA, oxaloacetate; UGPase, UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase; UQ, ubiquinone.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bari R, Datt Pant B, Stitt M, Scheible WR. (2006) PHO2, microRNA399, and PHR1 define a phosphate-signaling pathway in plants. Plant Physiol 141: 988–999 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Barrett-Lennard EG, Dracup M, Greenway H. (1993) Role of extracellular phosphatases in the phosphorus-nutrition of cover. J Exp Bot 44: 1595–1600
    1. Bozzo GG, Dunn EL, Plaxton WC. (2006) Differential synthesis of phosphate-starvation inducible purple acid phosphatase isozymes in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) suspension cells and seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 29: 303–313 - PubMed
    1. Bozzo GG, Raghothama KG, Plaxton WC. (2002) Purification and characterization of two secreted purple acid phosphatase isozymes from phosphate-starved tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cell cultures. Eur J Biochem 269: 6278–6286 - PubMed
    1. Bozzo GG, Raghothama KG, Plaxton WC. (2004a) Structural and kinetic properties of a novel purple acid phosphatase from phosphate-starved tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cell cultures. Biochem J 377: 419–428 - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources