A novel method for designing and fabricating custom-made artificial bones

Abstract

Artificial bones are useful for tissue augmentation in patients with facial deformities or defects. Custom-made artificial bones, produced by mirroring the bone structure on the healthy side using computer-aided design, have been used. This method is simple, but has limited ability to recreate detailed structures. The authors have invented a new method for designing artificial bones, better customized for the needs of individual patients. Based on CT data, three-dimensional (3D) simulation models were prepared using an inkjet printer using plaster. The operators applied a special radiopaque paraffin wax to the models to create target structures. The wax contained a contrast medium to render it radiopaque. The concentration was adjusted to achieve easy manipulation and consistently good-quality images. After the radiopaque wax was applied, the 3D simulation models were reexamined by CT, and data on the target structures were obtained. Artificial bones were fabricated by the inkjet printer based on these data. Although this new technique for designing artificial bones is slightly more complex than the conventional methods, and the status of soft tissue should also be considered for an optimal aesthetic outcome, the results suggest that this method better meets the requirements of individual patients.