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Review
. 2012 Feb;62(2):542-51.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.04.032. Epub 2011 May 13.

Review of biological mechanisms and pharmacological treatments of comorbid PTSD and substance use disorder

Sonya B Norman  1 , Ursula S Myers, Kendall C Wilkins, Abigail A Goldsmith, Veselina Hristova, Zian Huang, Kelly C McCullough, Shannon K Robinson
Affiliations
Review

Review of biological mechanisms and pharmacological treatments of comorbid PTSD and substance use disorder

Sonya B Norman et al. Neuropharmacology. 2012 Feb.

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol/substance use disorder (A/SUD) are frequently comorbid. Comorbidity is associated with poorer psychological, functional, and treatment outcomes than either disorder alone. This review outlines biological mechanisms that are potentially involved in the development and maintenance of comorbid PTSD and A/SUD including neurotransmitter and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysregulation, structural differences in the brain, and shared genetic risk factors. The literature regarding pharmacological treatments that have been investigated for comorbid PTSD and A/SUD is also reviewed. Empirical data for each proposed mechanism and pharmacological approach is reviewed with the goal of making recommendations for future research. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder'.

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