[Infection with hepatitis viruses HAV, HBV and HCV as well as with AIDS virus HIV in drug addicts of the Zurich street scene--a prevalence study]

Abstract

382 i.v. drug abusers were tested for a past or ongoing infection with the hepatitis viruses A (HAV), B (HBV), the newly discovered C (HCV) and with the Aids virus HIV. The cohort studied was representative for i.v. drug users of the Zurich street scene including occasional users, weekend users and severe drug addicts. 56% of the drug users tested showed HBV markers. 21% had an ongoing infection. 32% were naturally HBV immune and 4% showed immunity due to vaccination. HAV markers were detected in 50% of the individuals tested, with an ongoing infection present in 8%. 48% of the individuals tested showed signs of HCV contact. 15% of the i.v. drug users were HIV infected. 22% of these individuals were HIV-antigen positive. The data confirm that i.v. drug users have the highest rates of infection within the total population. The prevalence of viral markers correlated positively with the duration and intensity of i.v. drug use and with the practice of needle sharing. In comparison to comparable earlier studies, the present viral prevalence data were lower. This is thought to be due to an Aids prevention campaign undertaken in the Zurich street drug scene, including free distribution of injection material and condoms.