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. 2011 Jan;64(1):1-17.
doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2010.09.001.

Influences of Source - Item Contingency and Schematic Knowledge on Source Monitoring: Tests of the Probability-Matching Account

Ute J Bayen  1 , Beatrice G Kuhlmann
Affiliations

Influences of Source - Item Contingency and Schematic Knowledge on Source Monitoring: Tests of the Probability-Matching Account

Ute J Bayen et al. J Mem Lang. 2011 Jan.

Abstract

The authors investigated conditions under which judgments in source-monitoring tasks are influenced by prior schematic knowledge. According to a probability-matching account of source guessing (Spaniol & Bayen, 2002), when people do not remember the source of information, they match source guessing probabilities to the perceived contingency between sources and item types. When they do not have a representation of a contingency, they base their guesses on prior schematic knowledge. The authors provide support for this account in two experiments with sources presenting information that was expected for one source and somewhat unexpected for another. Schema-relevant information about the sources was provided at the time of encoding. When contingency perception was impeded by dividing attention, participants showed schema-based guessing (Experiment 1). Manipulating source - item contingency also affected guessing (Experiment 2). When this contingency was schema-inconsistent, it superseded schema-based expectations and led to schema-inconsistent guessing.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experiment 1. Conditional source identification measure (CSIM) for statements as a function of expectancy and source in the full-attention and divided-attention conditions. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Experiment 1. Guessing probability as a function of statement expectancy in the full-attention and divided-attention conditions. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Experiment 2. Conditional source identification measure (CSIM) for statements as a function of expectancy and source in the schema-consistent contingency condition, zero-contingency condition, and schema-inconsistent contingency condition. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Experiment 2. Guessing probability as a function of statement expectancy in the schema-consistent contingency condition, zero-contingency condition, and schema-inconsistent contingency condition. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Figure A1
Figure A1
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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