Relationship between clinicopathological factors and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in patients with papillary thyroid cancer

Abstract

Objective: To examine the relationship between clinicopathological factors and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) uptake in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Materials and methods: Fifty-four patients were included in this study.F-FDG positron emission tomography was performed before surgery. Immunohistochemistry of glucose transporter (GLUT) was performed using postoperative histopathological specimens. We investigated the relationship between maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and GLUT-1, GLUT-3, and GLUT-4 expression/SUVmax and prognostic risk factors {tumor size, age, sex, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis [ly (+)]}.

Results: GLUT-3 and GLUT-4 expressions significantly correlated with SUVmax (GLUT-3: r=0.38, P=0.008; GLUT-4: r=0.46, P=0.001), but GLUT-1 did not (r=0.21, P=0.147). The tumor size correlated with SUVmax (r=0.5, P<0.001), but GLUT-1, GLUT-3, and GLUT-4 did not (GLUT-1: r=0.006, P=0.681; GLUT-3: r=0.05, P=0.705; GLUT-4: r=-0.17, P=0.217). Both SUVmax and GLUT-4 expressions were statistically significant with ly (+) (SUVmax: P=0.012; GLUT-4: P=0.018), but GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 expressions were not (GLUT-1: P=0.165; GLUT-3: P=0.499). There was no significant difference between other clinicopathological factors and SUVmax or any GLUT expressions.

Conclusion: F-FDG uptake in PTC may be determined by GLUT-3 and GLUT-4 expressions and may be related to tumor size and lymph node metastasis of PTC. F-FDG uptake may reflect tumor progression of PTC.