Massive localized lymphedema: review of an emerging problem and report of a complex case in the mons pubis

Abstract

Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is an emerging complication of the obesity epidemic. Caused by the obstruction of lymphatics, MLL presents as a giant swelling, with characteristic skin changes, and often lymphatic weeping. MLL has also been called "pseudosarcoma" because of its morphologic and pathologic similarity to sarcoma. Left untreated, MLL can degenerate into angiosarcoma. We present a case of MLL of the mons pubis in a 40-year-old man with a body mass index of 69. The literature is reviewed and an additional 40 cases of MLL are described. We found a female predominance of 1.6 to 1, an average weight of 421 lbs, and a 58% majority of cases in the thigh.