Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2011:2011:484021.
doi: 10.4061/2011/484021. Epub 2011 May 10.

Adenosine A(2A) Receptor and IL-10 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Beatrice Arosio  1 , Luigina Mastronardi, Cristina Gussago, Paola Nicolini, Alessandra Casè, Eleonora Ziglioli, Luigi Bergamaschini
Affiliations

Adenosine A(2A) Receptor and IL-10 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Beatrice Arosio et al. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2011.

Abstract

Adenosine suppresses immune responses through the A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R). This study investigated the interleukin 10 (IL-10) genetic profile and the expression of A(2A)R in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD), and age-matched controls to verify, if they may help distinguish different forms of cognitive decline. We analyzed the IL-10 genotype and the expression of A(2A)R in 41 subjects with AD, 10 with amnestic MCI (a-MCI), 49 with multiple cognitive domain MCI (mcd-MCI), and 46 controls. There was a significant linear increase in A(2A)R mRNA levels and A(2A)R density from mcd-MCI to a-MCI, with intermediate levels being found in AD. The IL-10 AA genotype frequency was 67% in a-MCI, 46% in AD, 35% in mcd-MCI, and 20% in controls. These data suggest that the assessment of the IL-10 genotype and the expression of A(2A)R in PBMCs may be a valuable means of differentiating between a-MCI and mcd-MCI.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A2AR mRNA levels (mean values ± standard error) in PBMCs from 41 AD, 10 a-MCI, 49 mcd-MCI, and 46 control (CT) subjects quantified by the 2-ΔΔCt method. Bonferroni post hoc: a-MCI versus controls and mcd-MCI patients (P < .05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Paradigmatic example of the Western blot analysis of the A2AR densities in PBMC extract from one subject belonging to the AD, a-MCI, mcd-MCI, or control (CT) group, run in duplicate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A2AR densities (mean values ± standard error) in PBMCs from 27 AD, 10 a-MCI, 20 mcd-MCI, and 20 control (CT) subjects expressed as A2AR/GAPDH ratio. Bonferroni post hoc: a-MCI versus controls and mcd-MCI patients (P < .05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Haskó G, Sitkovsky MV, Szabó C. Immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects of inosine. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2004;25(3):152–157. - PubMed
    1. Haskó G, Linden J, Cronstein B, Pacher P. Adenosine receptors: therapeutic aspects for inflammatory and immune diseases. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2008;7(9):759–770. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fredholm BB, Ijzerman AP, Jacobson KA, Klotz KN, Linden J. International Union of Pharmacology. XXV. Nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors. Pharmacological Reviews. 2001;53(4):527–552. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fredholm BB, Arslan G, Halldner L, Kull B, Schulte G, Wasserman W. Structure and function of adenosine receptors and their genes. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology. 2000;362(4-5):364–374. - PubMed
    1. Erdmann AA, Gao ZG, Jung U, et al. Activation of Th1 and Tc1 cell adenosine A receptors directly inhibits IL-2 secretion in vitro and IL-2-driven expansion in vivo. Blood. 2005;105(12):4707–4714. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources