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Review
. 2011 Jul;90(1):164-8.
doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.105. Epub 2011 Jun 1.

Cigarette smoking, nicotine, and body weight

J Audrain-McGovern  1 , N L Benowitz
Affiliations
Review

Cigarette smoking, nicotine, and body weight

J Audrain-McGovern et al. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

figure 1
figure 1
Average changes in body mass index over 10 years by smoking status. Sample size = 9,004 (3,365 men and 5,639 women). The average age of female participants at baseline was 47.1 years, and the average age of male participants at baseline was 43.8 years. Adapted from ref. 11.
figure 2
figure 2
Average weight gain within the first year of attempting to quit smoking. Point prevalence abstinence group includes individuals who were not continuously abstinent but who were abstinent over the 7 days prior to testing. Sample size = 196. The average age of the participants at baseline was 44.5 years. Adapted from ref. 14.
figure 3
figure 3
Mechanisms through which cigarette smoking reduces body weight. Smoking reduces body weight by increasing energy expenditure and inhibiting the expected compensatory increase in caloric intake. Nicotine increases energy expenditure both by direct effects on peripheral tissues, largely mediated by catecholamines, and by effects on central nervous system neuroendocrine circuits. Nicotine's effects on the brain also leads to suppression of appetite, and smoking per se can serve as a behavioral alternative to eating. AgRP, Agouti-related peptide; CART, cocaine amphetamine-regulated transcript; DA, dopamine; Epi, epinephrine; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; NEpi, norepinephrine; NPY, neuropeptide Y; POMC, proopiomelanocortin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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