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. 2009 Apr;32(2):423-30.
doi: 10.1590/S1415-47572009000200033. Epub 2009 Jun 1.

Significant genetic differentiation among populations of Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791): A bivalve with planktonic larval dispersion

Cinthya Cristina Bulhões Arruda  1 , Colin Robert Beasley, Marcelo Vallinoto, Nelane do Socorro Marques-Silva, Claudia Helena Tagliaro
Affiliations

Significant genetic differentiation among populations of Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791): A bivalve with planktonic larval dispersion

Cinthya Cristina Bulhões Arruda et al. Genet Mol Biol. 2009 Apr.

Abstract

Four Brazilian populations of Anomalocardia brasiliana were tested for mutual genetic homogeneity, using data from 123 sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene. A total of 36 haplotypes were identified, those shared being H3 (Canela Island, Prainha and Acupe) and both H5 and H9 (Prainha and Acupe). Haplotype diversity values were high, except for the Camurupim population, whereas nucleotide values were low in all the populations, except for that of Acupe. Only the Prainha population showed a deviation from neutrality and the SSD test did not reject the demographic expansion hypothesis. Fst values showed that the Prainha and Acupe populations represent a single stock, whereas in both the Canela Island and Camurupim stocks, population structures are different and independent. The observed structure at Canela Island may be due to the geographic distance between this population and the remainder. The Camurupim population does not share any haplotype with the remaining populations in northeastern Brazil. The apparent isolation could be due to the rocky barrier located facing the mouth of the Mamanguape River. The results highlight the importance of wide-scale studies to identify and conserve local genetic diversity, especially where migration is restricted.

Keywords: mtDNA; Anomalocardia brasiliana; COI; conservation; population.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
North and northeast Brazil showing the sampling sites.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the present analysis of the 36 COI haplotypes of Anomalocardia brasiliana. The number above the branch indicates the only bootstrap value greater than 70%. CA = Camurupim; CI = Canela Island; PR = Prainha; AC = Acupe. Values preceeding abbreviations represent the number of individuals typed for each haplotype.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Median joining haplotype network. Each trace corresponds to a single mutation. The haplotypes are represented by circles, the width being proportional to their frequencies; mv1, mv2 and mv3 are median vectors.
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