Potential conflicts of interest: Dr Arnold has had research support from Shire, Lilly, Curemark, and Neuropharm, honoraria from Abbott, Organon, Targacept, Novartis, McNeil, and Shire, and has served on speakers or advisory boards for Shire, McNeil, Targacept, and Novartis. Dr Birmaher is a consultant for Schering Plough and receives royalties for publications from Random House, Inc, and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Dr Chang is a consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb, has received research support from Glaxo Smith Kline, and served as a speaker for Merck. Dr DelBello has received research support from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Johnson and Johnson, Shire, Janssen, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Repligen, Martek, Somerset, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sumitomo; has served on lecture bureaus for Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Schering Plough; and has consulted for and/or served on an advisory board for GlaxoSmithKline, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Schering Plough. Dr Findling receives or has received research support, acted as a consultant and/or served on a speaker’s bureau for Abbott, Addrenex, AstraZeneca, Biovail, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, KemPharm Lilly, Lundbeck, Neuropharm, Novartis, Noven, Organon, Otsuka, Pfizer, sanofi-aventis, Schering-Plough, Sepracore, Shire, Solvay, Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Validus, and Wyeth. Dr B. Goldstein has received honoraria from Purdue Pharma and research support from Pfizer. Dr Kowatch has served as a consultant for Forest, AstraZeneca, Merck, Medscape, and Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc, and has served on a speaker’s bureau for AstraZeneca. Drs Axelson, Fristad, Youngstrom, T. Goldstein, Ryan, and Diler do not have any potential conflicts of interest to disclose. All authors are investigators in research projects that focus on the phenomenology, neurobiology, and/or treatment of youths with bipolar disorder.