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. 2011:5:84-9.
doi: 10.2174/1874210601105010084. Epub 2011 May 18.

EDX-Element Analysis of the In Vitro Effect of Fluoride Oral Hygiene Tablets on Artificial Caries Lesion Formation and Remineralization in Human Enamel

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EDX-Element Analysis of the In Vitro Effect of Fluoride Oral Hygiene Tablets on Artificial Caries Lesion Formation and Remineralization in Human Enamel

J Eggerath et al. Open Dent J. 2011.

Abstract

Aim of this in-vitro-study was to assess the remineralization potential of a tooth cleaning tablet with different fluoride content quantitatively using EDX analysis.Twenty three caries free impacted third molars were examined; enamel surfaces were wax coated leaving two 3x4mm windows for exposure to demineralization/remineralization cycles. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 control and 6 experimental teeth each. Demineralization by standardized HEC-gel, pH 4.7 at 37°C for 72h, was alternated by rinsing in remineralization solution, pH 7.0 at 37°C for 72h, total challenge time 432h. The negative control group N was treated during remineralization cycles with saline; positive control group P was treated with remineralization solution; experimental group D1 was exposed to remineralization solution containing Denttabs(®)-tablets with 1450 ppm F; experimental group D2 was exposed to remineralization solution and Denttabs(®)-tablets with 4350 ppm F. Each tooth was cut into serial sections and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with EDX element analysis for assessment of the different zones of the lesions in 3 representative sections. Statistical analysis was based on the AVOVA test for repeated measurements and post hoc Bonferroni adjustment. The results showed a significantly higher Ca and P content in the body of the lesion in both fluoride treated groups compared to the controls. It can be concluded that higher concentrations of NaF may be more effective in remineralization of early advanced caries lesions.

Keywords: Caries; EDX-element analysis; demineralization; fluoride.; lesion; remineralization.

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Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
a) NaCl negative control shows a large demineralized body of the lesion with high porosity and a superficial layer. b) positive control incubation with remineralization solution shows a large, but slightly less demineralized body of the lesion and a continuous superficial layer. c) D1 incubation with 1450 ppm fluoride shows a smaller, less demineralised body of the lesion with remineralizing laminations and a continuous superficial layer. d) D2 incubation with 4350 pp, fluoride shows a very small body of the lesion and large superficial layer.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
Line scan through a NaCl negative control lesion. a) scanning electron micrograph of the lesion. The arrow indicates the measured line from sound enamel towards the surface. b) Line scan through the lesion demonstrating the loss of Ca and P within the body of the lesion and increasing Ca and P content towards the superficial layer. Left is the beginning of the scan in sound enamel, right the enamel surface.
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Boxplot graphics of the element content in the superficial layer of the different experimental lesion groups. a) N = negative control; b) P = positive control; c) D1 = NaF remineralization with 1450 ppm fluoride; d) D2 = NaF remineralization with 4350 ppm NaF.
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
Boxplot graphics of the element content in the body of the lesion of the different experimental lesion groups. a) N = negative control; b) P = positive control; c) D1 = NaF remineralization with 1450 ppm fluoride; d) D2 = NaF remineralization with 4350 ppm NaF.

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