Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion in women: impact on sexual function

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of radical cystectomy and different forms of urinary diversion on female sexual function.

Material and methods: Seventy-three consecutive patients were included in the study. The mean age was 52.3 ± 6.5 years. All of them had undergone non-nerve-sparing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for invasive bladder cancer. Patients were questioned about their current general relations with their husbands in comparison to the preoperative status. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess libido, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and painful sexual dysfunction. Patients were asked about any urinary complaints during or after sexual intercourse.

Results: Twenty-nine patients (39%) reported worsening relations with their husbands. The mean frequency of sexual relations was 2.3 ± 2.3/month; however, sexual relations had ceased completely in 19 patients (26%). Overall satisfaction among sexually active women worsened in 32 (59.2%) and was completely lost in eight patients (14.8%). Absent libido, difficult intromission, dyspareunia, lack of orgasm and sexually related urinary complaints were reported in 89%, 63%, 48%, 63% and 63% of patients, respectively. The mean FSFI score dropped significantly from 18.3 ± 5.1 to 11.3 ± 7.4 postoperatively (p < 0.001). FSFI scores were significantly higher among patients with orthotopic versus non-orthotopic forms of diversion and also higher among patients with no stoma versus those with stomal forms of diversion.

Conclusions: Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion have deleterious impacts on all domains of female sexual function. Female patients with orthotopic and non-stomal diversions had better sexual functions than those with stomal diversions.