Active hepatitis C infection and HCV genotypes prevalent among the IDUs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract

Injection drug users (IDUs) are considered as a high risk group to develop hepatitis C due to needle sharing. In this study we have examined 200 injection drug users from various regions of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province for the prevalence of active HCV infection and HCV genotypes by Immunochromatographic assays, RT-PCR and Type-specific PCR. Our results indicated that 24% of the IDUs were actively infected with HCV while anti HCV was detected among 31.5% cases. Prevalent HCV genotypes were HCV 2a, 3a, 4 and 1a. Majority of the IDUs were married and had attained primary or middle school education. 95% of the IDUs had a previous history of needle sharing. Our study indicates that the rate of active HCV infection among the IDUs is higher with comparatively more prevalence of the rarely found HCV types in KPK. The predominant mode of HCV transmission turned out to be needle sharing among the IDUs.

Figure 1

Gel photograph of HCV PCR products: Lane 1 shows 100 bp DNA ladder, lane 2, and 3 are the positive samples for active HCV infection showing 285 bp nested PCR product, Lane 4 is positive HCV control while Lane 5 is negative control.