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Comparative Study
. 2011 Sep;17(5):1067-83.
doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jun 22.

A multilevel analysis of the determinants and cross-national variations of HIV seropositivity in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the DHS

Monica Magadi  1 , Muluye Desta
Affiliations
Comparative Study

A multilevel analysis of the determinants and cross-national variations of HIV seropositivity in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the DHS

Monica Magadi et al. Health Place. 2011 Sep.

Abstract

This paper applies multilevel logistic regression models to Demographic and Health Survey data collected during 2003-2008 from 20 countries of sub-Saharan Africa to examine the determinants and cross-national variations in the risk of HIV seropositivity in the region. The models include individual-level and contextual region/country-level risk factors. Simultaneous confidence intervals of country-level residuals are used to compare the risk of being HIV seropositive across countries. The study reveals interesting general patterns in the risk of HIV seropositivity in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, the findings highlight the gender disparity in socio-economic risk factors, partly explained by sexual behaviour factors.

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Figures

Fig. A1
Fig. A1
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—males (Model 0).
Fig. A2
Fig. A2
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—males (Model 1).
Fig. A3
Fig. A3
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—males (Model 2).
Fig. A4
Fig. A4
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—males (Model 3).
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Conceptual framework for analysis of the determinants of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—females (Model 0).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—females (Model 1).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—females (Model 2).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Simultaneous confidence intervals (95%) of country effects—females (Model 3).
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