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. 2011 Jul;17(7):1195-201.
doi: 10.3201/eid1707.101306.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, United States, 1993-2009

Adam MacNeil  1 , Thomas G Ksiazek, Pierre E Rollin
Affiliations

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, United States, 1993-2009

Adam MacNeil et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Jul.

Abstract

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe respiratory illness identified in 1993. Since its identification, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has obtained standardized information about and maintained a registry of all laboratory-confirmed HPS cases in the United States. During 1993-2009, a total of 510 HPS cases were identified. Case counts have varied from 11 to 48 per year (case-fatality rate 35%). However, there were no trends suggesting increasing or decreasing case counts or fatality rates. Although cases were reported in 30 states, most cases occurred in the western half of the country; annual case counts varied most in the southwestern United States. Increased hematocrits, leukocyte counts, and creatinine levels were more common in HPS case-patients who died. HPS is a severe disease with a high case-fatality rate, and cases continue to occur. The greatest potential for high annual HPS incidence exists in the southwestern United States.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Annual number of cases (bars) of and case-fatality rate (line) for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, United States, 1993–2009.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cumulative number of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases by month of onset, United States, 1993–2009.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Annual number of cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) (A) and percentage of cases by month of onset (B) by geographic region of probable HPS exposure, United States, 1993–2009.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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