Isolation and characterization of anti-diabetic component (bioactivity-guided fractionation) from Ocimum sanctum L. (Lamiaceae) aerial part

Abstract

Objective: To isolate and characterize antidiabetic component (bioactivity-guided fractionation) from hydro alcoholic extract of Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) aerial part.

Methods: Ten fractions (F1-F10) were isolated from hydro alcoholic extract of O. sanctum aerial part by column chromatography. All the fractions F1 to F10 were screened for antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetic rats by estimating serum glucose level and lipid parameters. The isolated bioactive component was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (UV, IR, MS, (1)H and (13)C NMR) data analysis.

Results: The bioactive fraction (F5) was found to be potent antidiabetic by ameliorating glucose and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol). The extensive spectroscopic data analysis reveals that, the isolated bioactive compound elucidated as tetracyclic triterpenoid [16-hydroxy-4,4,10,13-tetramethyl-17-(4-methyl-pentyl)-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one].

Conclusions: Our present study concluded that, tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from aerial part of O. sanctum has a great anti-diabetic potential.