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. 2011 Jul 20:11:579.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-579.

Prospective association between self-reported life satisfaction and mortality: results from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg S3 survey cohort study

Maria E Lacruz  1 , Rebecca T Emeny, Jens Baumert, Karl H Ladwig
Affiliations

Prospective association between self-reported life satisfaction and mortality: results from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg S3 survey cohort study

Maria E Lacruz et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: To identify factors which determine high life satisfaction (LS) and to analyse the prognostic influence of LS on mortality.

Methods: Data collection was conducted on 2,675 participants, age 25-74 years, as part of the MONICA Augsburg Project 1994-95. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with high LS (measured with one item, 6-level Likert scale, where "high" = very satisfied/most of the time very satisfied with ones personal life). After 12 years mean follow-up, a total of 245 deaths occurred. We calculated age- and sex-adjusted incident mortality rates per 10,000. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Independent determinants of LS were income, health-perception, and social support, as well as somatisation, anger or depressive symptoms (all p < 0.05). Participants with higher LS (n = 721, 27%) benefited the most with respect to absolute mortality risk reduction (higher LS = 67; mid = 98; low = 140 per 10,000). The sex-stratified analyses indicated an independent association of higher LS and survival for men (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.37 - 0.81) but not for women.

Conclusions: Baseline assessment demonstrated that psychological, social and life-style factors, but not somatic co-morbidities, were relevant determinants of LS. Moreover, the analysis showed that men with higher LS have a substantial long-term survival benefit. The observed association between LS and mortality may be attributed to common underlying causes such as social network integration and/or self-rated health.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentage (95%CI) of participants in the High LS group, by gender and age group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Absolute mortality risks for each LS tertile by gender and for the entire sample.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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