Biocompatibility of PLGA/sP(EO-stat-PO)-coated mesh surfaces under constant shearing stress

Abstract

Background: In order to allow inflammatory response modification and ultimately improvement in tissue remodeling, we developed a new surface modification for meshes that will serve as a carrier for other substances. Biocompatibility is tested in an animal model.

Methods: The animal model for diaphragmatic hernia repair was established in prior studies. Meshes were surface modified with star-configured PEO (polyethylene oxide)-based molecules [sP(EO-stat-PO)]. An electrospun nanoweb of short-term absorbable PLGA (polylactide-co-glycolide) with integrated sP(EO-stat-PO) molecules was applied onto the modified meshes. This coating also served as aerial sealing of the diaphragm. A final layer of hydrogel was applied to the product. Adhesive properties, defect size and mesh shrinkage were determined, and histological and immunohistochemical investigations performed after 4 months.

Results: The mean defect size decreased markedly in both modified mesh groups. Histologically and with regard to apoptosis and proliferation rate, smooth muscle cells, collagen I/III ratio and macrophage count, no statistically significant difference was seen between the 3 mesh groups.

Conclusions: In this proof-of-principle investigation, we demonstrate good biocompatibility for this surface-modified mesh compared to a standard polypropylene-based mesh. This new coating represents a promising tool as a carrier for bioactive substances in the near future.