To be at the right place at the right time

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the hypothesis of events or neighborhood interactions that is based upon recognizable structures of systems which possess a surface in a four dimensional space-time constellation {x, y, z, t}. To include the theory of hierarchic order of structures and aspects of thermodynamically open systems, especially entropy, structural entropy and entropy flow.

Hypothesis: Any structure is a space-time constellation that occupies a unique space in its environment. The environment can be a system too, and is assumed to be (nearly) constant. Structures can interact in their environment and create a new structure at a higher order level. Interacting structures that create a surface are called a system. Starting from the bottom, such a system is characterized by its inner structures, its surface function, and its neighborhood. Interaction with a neighboring system is called an event. An event can alter a system, create new systems or induce the decay of a system, dependent upon the surrounding lower level system (background).

Results: The hypothesis results in a uniform theory about matter, life, diseases, or behavior. Concrete applications permit the estimation of duration of life in man, for example the effect of solid cancer in man, or appearance of protozoans in sexual or asexual reduplication. In addition, it can successfully describe the development of the universe (small exceed of matter above antimatter at the big bang), or the increase of structures (and systems) with increasing time (development of intelligent systems). The three dimensional space possesses the lowest number of mandatory dimensions to implement such a system.

Figure 1

Scheme of cellular fusion from the viewpoint of the entropy concept: The highest efficiency of entropy transportation is obtained, if the surface/volume fraction of the new generated cell becomes a maximum, which obviously requires V_A >> V_B. [4].

Figure 2

Scheme of cell division from the viewpoint of the entropy concept: The more equal the daughter cells are, the greater is the generated space of lower entropy; i.e., V_A = maximum if V_B = V_C.[4].

Figure 3

Projection of a cell scheme (n={3,t} to a n={2,t} plane, and that of the n ={2,t} plane to a n={1,t} line. Only a three dimensional space offers stable internal and external "open", i.e., constantly porous boundaries.