Organohalogen compounds and their metabolites in the blood of Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueradiata) and scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) from Japanese coastal waters

Abstract

Information on accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs) and hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) in the blood of marine fish is limited. The present study, we determined the residue levels and patterns of PCBs, OH-PCBs, PBDEs, OH-PBDEs and methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs) in the blood collected from scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) and Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueradiata), species of predatory fish at Japanese coastal waters. The predominant homologues found in Japanese amberjacks were mono- and di-chlorinated OH-PCBs, and scalloped hammerhead sharks were octa-chlorinated OH-PCBs. The predominant OH-PCB isomers were lower-chlorinated OH-PCBs such as 6OH-CB2 and 2'OH-CB9 in Japanese amberjacks. This result suggests that exposure of Japanese amberjacks to lower-chlorinated OH-PCBs might be from the ambient aquatic environment. In scalloped hammerhead sharks, 4,4'diOH-CB202, 4OH-CB201 and 4OH-CB146 were the predominant isomers accounting for approximately 60% of the total OH-PCBs. The predominant MeO-PBDE isomers were 6MeO-BDE47 followed by 2'MeO-BDE68 in both species. As for OH-PBDE isomers, 6OH-BDE47 was predominant followed by 2'OH-BDE68 in Japanese amberjacks and scalloped hammerhead sharks. Residue levels of ΣMeO-PBDEs and ΣOH-PBDEs showed a significant positive correlation (p=0.029). This result suggests that MeO-PBDEs and OH-PBDEs share a common source or a metabolic pathway in fishes. Characteristic differences found in the profiles of OH-PCBs and OH-PBDEs in Japanese amberjack and scalloped hammerhead shark show the need for further studies on the differences in exposure profiles, metabolic capacities and toxic effects in fish.