Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2011 Sep;34(9):1934-42.
doi: 10.2337/dc11-0366. Epub 2011 Jul 25.

Cluster-randomized trial of a mobile phone personalized behavioral intervention for blood glucose control

Charlene C Quinn  1 , Michelle D Shardell, Michael L Terrin, Erik A Barr, Shoshana H Ballew, Ann L Gruber-Baldini
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Cluster-randomized trial of a mobile phone personalized behavioral intervention for blood glucose control

Charlene C Quinn et al. Diabetes Care. 2011 Sep.

Erratum in

  • Diabetes Care. 2013 Nov;36(11):3850

Abstract

Objective: To test whether adding mobile application coaching and patient/provider web portals to community primary care compared with standard diabetes management would reduce glycated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Research design and methods: A cluster-randomized clinical trial, the Mobile Diabetes Intervention Study, randomly assigned 26 primary care practices to one of three stepped treatment groups or a control group (usual care). A total of 163 patients were enrolled and included in analysis. The primary outcome was change in glycated hemoglobin levels over a 1-year treatment period. Secondary outcomes were changes in patient-reported diabetes symptoms, diabetes distress, depression, and other clinical (blood pressure) and laboratory (lipid) values. Maximal treatment was a mobile- and web-based self-management patient coaching system and provider decision support. Patients received automated, real-time educational and behavioral messaging in response to individually analyzed blood glucose values, diabetes medications, and lifestyle behaviors communicated by mobile phone. Providers received quarterly reports summarizing patient's glycemic control, diabetes medication management, lifestyle behaviors, and evidence-based treatment options.

Results: The mean declines in glycated hemoglobin were 1.9% in the maximal treatment group and 0.7% in the usual care group, a difference of 1.2% (P = 0.001) [corrected] over 12 months. Appreciable differences were not observed between groups for patient-reported diabetes distress, depression, diabetes symptoms, or blood pressure and lipid levels (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions: The combination of behavioral mobile coaching with blood glucose data, lifestyle behaviors, and patient self-management data individually analyzed and presented with evidence-based guidelines to providers substantially reduced glycated hemoglobin levels over 1 year.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of enrollment and patient status (n = 163).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Primary study outcome and baseline A1C stratified analyses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Huang ES, Basu A, O’Grady M, Capretta JC. Projecting the future diabetes population size and related costs for the U.S. Diabetes Care 2009;32:2225–2229 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cowie CC, Rust KF, Ford ES, et al. . Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988-1994 and 2005-2006. Diabetes Care 2009;32:287–294 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gaede PH, Jepsen PV, Larsen JN, Jensen GV, Parving HH, Pedersen OB. The Steno-2 study. Intensive multifactorial intervention reduces the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ugeskr Laeger 2003;165:2658–2661 - PubMed
    1. Solomon CG. Reducing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2003;348:457–459 - PubMed
    1. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. . Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002;346:393–403 - PMC - PubMed

Publication types