The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: from molecular mechanisms to exercise haemodynamics
- PMID: 21794933
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.113
The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: from molecular mechanisms to exercise haemodynamics
Abstract
The pathophysiology of HfpEF is complex. In this review we discuss the molecular aspects of HfpEF as well as the profoundly disturbed haemodynamics with particular focus on exercise haemodynamic abnormalities.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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