Effectiveness of pedometer use in motivating active duty and other military healthcare beneficiaries to walk more

Abstract

Although implementing a regular exercise program may initially seem overwhelming to individuals attempting weight loss, increasing walking with a focus on steps-per-day may be a more realistic means for encouraging physical activity. This study evaluated the effectiveness of pedometer use for motivating an increase in physical activity among overweight/obese military beneficiaries. Participants (N=106) were randomly assigned to either the "Usual Lifestyle" (no change in activity advised) or "Pedometer" group (education and encouraged to obtain 10,000 steps per day), and both groups were assessed for changes in physical activity, anthropometric measures, and clinic measures over time. Results (n=89) demonstrated improvements in physical activity and all measured indices across both groups. There was a statistically significant increase in steps per day by time (P<.001), however, no statistically significant difference between treatment groups over time (P=.167). Approximately 49.4% of participants achieved the 10,000 steps per day goal at follow-up. All secondary measured indices, except blood pressure, demonstrated a significant change overall from baseline to posttest: weight (P<.001), BMI (P<.001), percent body fat (P=.001) and heart rate (P=.005). Findings indicate that all participants made lifestyle changes, possibly as a result of frequent investigator-participant interaction, however, more likely due to the pedometer serving as a tangible tool to constantly remind the wearer to get up and walk more, regardless if a step count is tracked.