Interrater reliability of the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury in youths with chronic spinal cord injury

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the interrater reliability of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) in children with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), and to define the lower age limit at which the examinations have clinical utility.

Design: Repeated measures, multicenter reliability study.

Setting: Two U.S. pediatric specialty hospitals with recognized SCI programs.

Participants: Children (N=236) with chronic SCI.

Interventions: Subjects underwent 4 examinations by 2 raters: sensory tests (pin prick [PP] and light touch [LT]), a motor test, and a test of anal sensation (AS) and anal contraction (AC).

Main outcome measures: A 2-way general linear model analysis of variance was used for analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for PP, LT, motor, AS, and AC.

Results: No child younger than 6 years completed the examination. When examined as a function of age, interrater reliability for motor, PP, LT, AS, and AC was moderate (ICC=.89) to high (ICC=.99). There was poor reliability for AS (ICC=.49) in subjects with complete injuries but moderate reliability for all other variables. There was moderate to high reliability for classification of type (tetraplegia/paraplegia) and severity (complete/incomplete) of injury across age groups.

Conclusions: The ISNCSCI does not have utility for children younger than 6 years. For children older than 6 years, interrater reliability of PP, LT, and motor examinations is high.