Total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol, alfentanil, and oxygen-air: three different dosage schemes

Abstract

Three different dosage schemes of propofol infusions combined with a fixed-rate alfentanil infusion were investigated in total intravenous anaesthesia. In 30 premedicated patients, divided at random into three groups, anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg.kg-1 immediately followed by an alfentanil infusion 10 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 as a loading dose which was decreased after ten minutes to a maintenance dose of 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1. Vecuronium bromide 0.1 mg.kg-1 was used as the muscle relaxant. After induction of anaesthesia a propofol infusion 2 mg.kg-1.hr-1 was started in group A, 3 mg.kg-1.hr-1 in group B and 4 mg.kg-1 hr-1 in group C. At signs of light anaesthesia supplementary bolus doses of 20 mg propofol and 1 mg alfentanil were given. The patients' lungs were ventilated with air-oxygen (FIO2 0.35). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures showed no statistical significant differences between the three groups. A significant (P less than 0.01) decrease of the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures was present after induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation. Recovery was uneventful in all but one patient, who had ventilatory depression that responded to naloxone (0.2 mg IV). Awareness did not occur in any patient. The only difference between the three groups was the higher number of supplementary bolus doses of propofol and alfentanil needed in group A (P less than 0.01). In total intravenous anaesthesia propofol 3 and 4 mg.kg-1.hr-1 as a maintenance dose combined with a two-step fixed-rate alfentanil infusion provided smooth anaesthesia and uneventful rapid recovery.