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Case Reports
. 2011 Aug;26(5):413-8.
doi: 10.1177/1533317511418955. Epub 2011 Aug 9.

Posterior cortical atrophy: evidence for discrete syndromes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease

Po-Heng Tsai  1 , Edmond Teng, Collin Liu, Mario F Mendez
Affiliations
Case Reports

Posterior cortical atrophy: evidence for discrete syndromes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease

Po-Heng Tsai et al. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2011 Aug.

Abstract

Background: Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) may represent a discrete syndrome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rather than amnestic AD with visual deficits.

Methods: We separated 30 patients with PCA based on ventral and dorsal visual symptoms using cluster analysis and analyzed the demographic, cognitive, and functional imaging features.

Results: This analysis revealed subgroups of 26 dorsal and 4 ventral patients. The ventral subgroup had greater confrontational naming impairment, and the dorsal subgroup had greater hypofunction in the parietal regions. The PCA cohort had memory retrieval rather than encoding deficits, and clinical follow-up showed relative isolation of dorsal and ventral visual manifestations.

Conclusion: These results support 2, mostly nonoverlapping syndromes in patients with PCA, with the commonest affecting the dorsal visual pathway; moreover, the memory retrieval difficulty in the patients with PCA was dissimilar to the amnestic pattern in typical AD. These results suggest that, in most cases, PCA syndromes are discrete clinical variants of AD.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Illustrative imaging of patient # 1. MRI (axial T1) and FDG-PET imaging of a patient presenting with mainly dorsal stream symptoms. Note the occipitoparietal atrophy (white arrow) and hypometabolism (black arrow) that were worse on the left. MRI indicates magnetic resonance imaging; FDG-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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