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Review
. 2011 Nov 9;111(11):6810-918.
doi: 10.1021/cr200077m. Epub 2011 Aug 24.

Supramolecular coordination: self-assembly of finite two- and three-dimensional ensembles

Rajesh Chakrabarty  1 , Partha Sarathi Mukherjee, Peter J Stang
Affiliations
Review

Supramolecular coordination: self-assembly of finite two- and three-dimensional ensembles

Rajesh Chakrabarty et al. Chem Rev. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Combination of various building units for accessing convex polygons and canonical polyhedra.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Three-dimensional architectures formed by the combination of ditopic and tritopic subunits by the directional bonding approach.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Coordinate vector and chelate plane for the symmetry interaction method.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Design of a D3-symmetrical triple helicate.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Design strategy for (a) M4L6 and (b) M4L4 tetrahedra by the symmetry interaction approach.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Representation for assembling a tetrahedron and an octahedron using triangular panels.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representation for assembling: a) a M6L4 truncted tetrahedron and b) an M6L4 square pyramidal cone using triangular panels.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Representation for assembling: a) a M6L3 trigonal prism and b) a M12L6 hexagonal prism using tetratopic panels.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Modes of assembly of dinuclear units in dimetallic building block approach.
Figure 10
Figure 10
General design strategy for the synthesis of M3L3 molecular triangles.
Figure 11
Figure 11
A few examples of molecular triangles of Cu(I), Ag(I) and Pd(II).
Figure 12
Figure 12
The structure of a triangular molecular necklace. Hydrogen atoms are omitted for clarity. Color code: green, Pt; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 13
Figure 13
General design strategy for the synthesis of M4L4 molecular squares.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Rh(I) based squares through the cooperative ligand binding properties.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Equilibrium between a self-assembled molecular triangle and a square.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Formation of molecular squares of different sizes instead of a rectangle due to the strong enthalpic driving force.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Molecular structure of [Cu6(terpy-phen)6(PF6)6]6+. Weakly coordinating PF6− were omitted for clarity. Color code: golden, Cu; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Molecular structure of [Cp*Rh(dpmhc)6]6+. Color code: green, Rh; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Molecular structure of Co3L3(pyridine)6 [H2L = 1,1′-(4,4′-Biphenylene)-bis-3,3-dimethylpentane-1,3-dione]. Color code: green, Co; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 20
Figure 20
Single-crystal X-ray structure of [{cis-Mo2(DAniF)2(1,4-O2C-C6H10-CO2)}]3. Color code: green, Mo; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 21
Figure 21
X-ray crystal structure of the homochiral molecular triangle. Color code: golden, Cu; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 22
Figure 22
Single-crystal X-ray structure of SSS-[cis-Rh2(C6H4PPh2)2(O2CC6H4CO2)(py)2]3. Axial py and MeOH ligands were omitted for clarity. Color code: green, Rh; pink, P; red, O; gray, C.
Figure 23
Figure 23
Incorporation of functional moieties into assemblies through the use of functionalized edge or corner building blocks or covalent attachment of functional groups endo- or exo- to the metallacycles.
Figure 24
Figure 24
Molecular square, [{Pd(en)(4,4′-dipyridyl)}4]8+ (46) and molecular rhomboid 250 for selective binding of aromatic guest molecules.
Figure 25
Figure 25
Molecular square, [{Pd(dppp)(4,4′-dipyridyl)}4]8+ (47) and AgOTf encapsulated host-guest precursor 251 for dihydroxynaphthalenes and lewis bases, respectively.
Figure 26
Figure 26
Metallomacrocycle 252 containing two topologically discrete binding subcavities for homotropic cooperative binding of guest molecules.
Figure 27
Figure 27
Heterotropic cooperative binding in macrocycle 253 having cofacial, fused Zn-porphyrin arrays.
Figure 28
Figure 28
Trinuclear Ru(III) metallomacrocycles (256) for high affinity and selective binding of Li+ and Na+ ion.
Figure 29
Figure 29
Molecular rectangles having N4 pockets for selective Chemosensing of 3d transition metal ions.
Figure 30
Figure 30
Schematic representation of the different ways of assembling a tetrahedral topology. Only one of the ligands is shown for clarity.
Figure 31
Figure 31
Single crystal X-ray structure of a truncated tetrahedron formed using a hexapyridyl ligand. Protons, solvent molecules and PF6− are omitted for clarity. Color code: green, Pt; pink, P; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 32
Figure 32
General design strategy for the synthesis of: a) M8L12; b) M6L12 and c) M12L6 molecular cubes.
Figure 33
Figure 33
X-ray crystal structure of [Gd4(6,6′-H2BDA)6(H2O)12]·12DMF. Color code: green, Gd; red, O; gray, C.
Figure 34
Figure 34
The single crystal X-ray structure of Ru8 tetragonal prism [Ru8(p-cymene)8(μ-tppH2)2(μ-C2O4)4]8+. Color code: green, Ru; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 35
Figure 35
A few possible discrete architectures from 1:2 self-assembly of tetratopic donor with 90° acceptor.
Figure 36
Figure 36
Molecular structure of M6L8 molecular spheres [Pd6(titmb)8]12+ and [Pd6(322)8]12+. Color code: pink, Pd; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 37
Figure 37
The X-ray crystal structure of Pd24L48. PF6− counter ions and protons are omitted for clarity. Color code: pink, Pd; red, O; blue, N; green, S; gray, C.
Figure 38
Figure 38
Single-crystal X-ray structure of {NEt4 ⊂ [cis-Rh2(DAniF)2(H2O)1/2(MeCN)1/2]4[calix[4]arene(CO2)4]2}+. The anisyl groups of all formamidinate ligands and the axial ligands (two H2O and two MeCN molecules which occupy one axial position of each of the four Rh24+ units) have been removed for clarity. Color code: green, Rh; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 39
Figure 39
X-ray crystal structure of three pyrene-4,5-dione molecules stacked in a 120° twisted fashion in a trigonal prism cage. Solvents (H2O) and counter anions (NO3) are omitted for clarity. Color code: pink, Pd; red, O; blue, N; gray, C.
Figure 40
Figure 40
Representation of differing extents of self-organization phenomena that can occur within a complex mixture of subunits.
Figure 41
Figure 41
(a) Space-filling model of molecular square [Pt(dppp)(4,4’-bipyridine)]4(PF6)8, (b) High-resolution STM images of the adlayer of square on Au(111), (c) Structural model of the adlayer.
Figure 42
Figure 42
(a) Space-filling models of molecular rectangle 79, (b) High-resolution STM images of the adlayer of 79 on Au(111), (c) Structural model of the adlayer on Au(111), (d) High-resolution STM images of the adlayer of 79 on HOPG, (e) Structural model of the adlayer on HOPG surface.
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See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Pedersen CJ. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1988;27:1021.
    1. Lehn J-M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1988;27:89.
    1. Cram DJ. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1988;27:1009.
    1. Steed JW, Turner DR, Wallace KJ. Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry. John Wiley & Sons; West Sussex: 2007.
    2. Steed JW, Atwood JL. Supramolecular Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons; West Sussex: 2000.
    1. Lehn J-M. Supramolecular Chemistry: Concepts and Perspectives. VCH; Weinheim: 1995.

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