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Review
. 2011 Aug:1231:65-72.
doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06152.x.

Extreme marginalization: addiction and other mental health disorders, stigma, and imprisonment

Mary Jeanne Kreek  1
Affiliations
Review

Extreme marginalization: addiction and other mental health disorders, stigma, and imprisonment

Mary Jeanne Kreek. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Aug.

Abstract

Major well-defined medical problems that are, in part, the unfortunate outcome of a negative social environment may include specific addictive diseases and other mental health disorders, in particular the affective disorders of anxiety, depression, social phobia, and posttraumatic stress syndrome. This overview touches on the topic of extreme marginalization associated with addiction and other mental health disorders, along with arrest, imprisonment, and parole. All of these are characterized by a lasting stigma that hauntingly continues to affect each person suffering from any of these problems.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress responsive axis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The human mu opioid receptor: SNPs identified.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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