Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2011 Jul;3(3):285-92.
doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.83537.

An update on crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever

Suma B Appannanavar  1 , Baijayantimala Mishra
Affiliations

An update on crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever

Suma B Appannanavar et al. J Glob Infect Dis. 2011 Jul.

Abstract

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is one of the deadly hemorrhagic fevers that are endemic in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East. It is a tick-borne zoonotic viral disease caused by CCHF virus of genus Nairovirus (family Bunyaviridae). CCHF not only forms an important public health threat but has a significant effect on the healthcare personnel, especially in resource-poor countries. India was always a potentially endemic area until an outbreak hit parts of Gujarat, taking four lives including the treating medical team. The current review is an attempt to summarize the updated knowledge on the disease particularly in modern era, with special emphasis on nosocomial infections. The knowledge about the disease may help answer certain questions regarding entry of virus in India and future threat to community.

Keywords: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever; Nosocomial; Update.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Modes of transmission of CCHF virus, (a) Tick cycle, 1- adult, 2- eggs, 3- larvae, 4- nymph; (i) Trans-ovarian, (ii) Trans-stadial; (b) Tick- Small vertebrate cycle; (c) Tick- Large vertebrate/bird/human cycle; (d) Human- Human cycle (community/nosocomial)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pathogenesis of CCHF viral infection
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lacy MD, Smego RA. Viral hemorrhagic fevers. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis. 1996;12:21–53. - PubMed
    1. Weber DJ, Rutala WA. Risks and prevention of nosocomial transmission of rare zoonotic diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:446–56. - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Management of patients with suspected viral hemorrhagic fever. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1988;37(Suppl 3):1–16. - PubMed
    1. Hoogstraal H. The epidemiology of tick borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Asia, Europe and Africa. J Med Entomol. 1979;15:307–417. - PubMed
    1. Watts DM, Ksiazeck TG, Linthicum KJ, Hoogstraal H. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. In: Monath TP, editor. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology. Florida: CRC Press; 1988. pp. 177–222.