Sarcoidosis

Abstract

Purpose of review: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder that can include ocular lesions. Although the precise etiology of the disease is as yet not well known, it is gradually becoming clearer as a result of much intensive research. The scope of this review is to evaluate the current understanding of sarcoidosis, specifically the pathogenesis of the disease and the therapeutic possibilities.

Recent findings: Inherited factors for this disease are gradually being identified by many large-scale genetic studies. As for treatment, biological drugs against inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, are beginning to be used in sarcoidosis patients.

Summary: The exact etiology of sarcoidosis is still unknown. Further genetic studies in various ethnic populations are required to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. The data of clinical trials of biological drugs are accumulating, and it is necessary to produce a guideline for the use of these drugs on the basis of the benefits and risks to the patient.