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. 2011 Jun;11(3):282-6.
doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.11-3-282.

Narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnolence and related conditions

Timothy G Quinnell  1 , Ian E Smith
Affiliations

Narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnolence and related conditions

Timothy G Quinnell et al. Clin Med (Lond). 2011 Jun.
No abstract available

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Figures

Fig 1.
Fig 1.
Hypocretin (orexin) system. The sleep-wake cycle is governed by a complex, multilevel neuronal system in the brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus and basal forebrain. Hypocretin-producing neurons in the hypothalamus stabilise the activity of other key neuronal groups involved in the control of sleep and waking. These nuclei and their principal neurotransmitters are shown here in highly schematic fashion. Reproduced with permission from BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Fig 2.
Fig 2.
Polysomnogram summary (hypnogram) from patient with narcolepsy. There is rapid sleep onset (blue arrow) and early rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (red arrow). There are clinically insignificant numbers of apnoeas (purple marks) and periodic limb movements (bottom trace in blue) which do not explain sleepiness in this case.
Fig 3.
Fig 3.
Characteristic narcoleptic multiple sleep latency test result showing evolution of latencies. The subject slept on each of four opportunities offered through the day. The mean sleep latency is only 1.5 min and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is seen in three of the naps.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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MeSH terms