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Review
. 2011 Oct 12;111(10):6299-320.
doi: 10.1021/cr200273u. Epub 2011 Sep 22.

Regulation of mammalian physiology, development, and disease by the sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid receptors

Victoria A Blaho  1 , Timothy Hla
Affiliations
Review

Regulation of mammalian physiology, development, and disease by the sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid receptors

Victoria A Blaho et al. Chem Rev. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Metabolism of LPA, LPAR G-protein coupling and down-stream signaling pathways
PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphoethanolamine; PS, phosphatidylserine; PLD, phospholipase D; PLA1/2, phospholipase A1/2; PA, phosphatidic acid; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; LPA, lysophosphatidic acid; MAG, monoacylglycerol; LPP, lipid phosphate phosphatase; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ATX/lysoPLD, autotaxin/lysophospholipase D; AC, adenyl cyclase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; ROCK, RhoA-associated kinase; SRF, serum response factor; PLC, phospholipase C; PKC, protein kinase C; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Dotted red line indicates suggested LPAR-G-protein coupling pathway.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Metabolism of S1P, S1PR G-protein coupling, and down-stream signaling pathways
SMase, sphingomyelinase; SMS, sphingomyelin synthase; CDase, ceramidase; CerS, ceramide synthase; Sphk1/2, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2; SPP, sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase; LPP, lipid phosphate phosphatase; S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate; Spns2, spinster 2 protein; ApoM, apolipoprotein M; ROCK, Rho-associated kinase; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; PLC, phospholipase C; PKC, protein kinase C; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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