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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2012 Aug;46(10):753-8.
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090025. Epub 2011 Sep 22.

The effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on endothelial function in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure: results from the DREW study

Damon L Swift  1 , Conrad P Earnest, Steven N Blair, Timothy S Church
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

The effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on endothelial function in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure: results from the DREW study

Damon L Swift et al. Br J Sports Med. 2012 Aug.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of three different doses of aerobic exercise training (corresponding to approximately 50%, 100% and 150% of the National Institutes of Health consensus guidelines) on endothelial function in sedentary obese postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure. Aerobic exercise training improves endothelial function in individuals with cardiovascular risk; however, it is unknown whether these adaptations occur in a dose-dependent manner.

Methods: Obese postmenopausal women (n=155) with elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure between 120 and 159.0 mm Hg) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: 4, 8 or 12 kilocalories per kilogram of energy expenditure per week (kcal/kg/week) or a non-exercise control group for 6 months. Endothelial function was assessed via flow-mediated dilation (FMD) at baseline and post-intervention.

Results: After exercise training, there was a similar improvement (1.02-1.5%) in FMD in all three exercise groups (p<0.05) compared with control (-0.5%). Change in FMD after exercise training was significantly correlated with FMD at baseline (r= -0.35, p<0.001). Post hoc analyses found a significant improvement in FMD in exercisers (all exercise groups combined) with endothelial dysfunction (FMD < 5.5%) at baseline (1.8%, 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.38; p<0.001) compared with exercisers with normal endothelial function (FMD ≥ 5.5%) (-1.2%; 95% CI: -1.17 to 0.69; p=0.60).

Conclusions: Aerobic exercise training was associated with improved FMD in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure. In addition, exercise training may be more efficacious in improving endothelial function in postmenopausal women with endothelial dysfunction than individuals with normal endothelial function at baseline.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Consort diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The effect of exercise training on endothelial function among different doses of exercise training. Shown are the absolute change in FMD in the non-exercise control group and the 4, 8 and 12 kcal/kg/week exercise groups. Change in FMD is expressed as the mean difference of the post-training FMD from the pretraining value in each group. A p value <0.05 was designated as the criterion for statistical significance. FMD, flow-mediated dilation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effect of exercise training on exercising subjects (all exercise groups combined, n=132) with endothelial dysfunction (FMD <5.5%, n=93) and normal endothelial function (FMD ≥ 5.5%, n=39). Shown are the mean absolute change in FMD after exercise training in subjects with impaired FMD at baseline, normal FMD. Change in FMD is expressed as the mean difference between the post-training FMD and the pretraining value in each group. *Indicates significant difference (p<0.05) compared with exercisers with endothelial dysfunction. FMD, flow-mediated dilation.
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