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. 2011:2011:528401.
doi: 10.1155/2011/528401. Epub 2011 Sep 22.

The gut hormones in appetite regulation

Keisuke Suzuki  1 , Channa N Jayasena, Stephen R Bloom
Affiliations

The gut hormones in appetite regulation

Keisuke Suzuki et al. J Obes. 2011.

Abstract

Obesity has received much attention worldwide in association with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. At present, bariatric surgery is the only effective treatment for obesity in which long-term weight loss is achieved in patients. By contrast, pharmacological interventions for obesity are usually followed by weight regain. Although the exact mechanisms of long-term weight loss following bariatric surgery are yet to be fully elucidated, several gut hormones have been implicated. Gut hormones play a critical role in relaying signals of nutritional and energy status from the gut to the central nervous system, in order to regulate food intake. Cholecystokinin, peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, and oxyntomodulin act through distinct yet synergistic mechanisms to suppress appetite, whereas ghrelin stimulates food intake. Here, we discuss the role of gut hormones in the regulation of food intake and body weight.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Humoral signals implicated in the physiological regulation of food intake. Diagram summarising the major signalling pathways which converge on the hypothalamus and brainstem in order to regulate food intake. ARC, arcuate nucleus; NPY/AgRP, neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide; POMC/CART, proopiomelanocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript; DVC, dorsal vagal complex; DVN, the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus; NTS, the nucleus of the tractus solitarius; AP, area postrema; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; CCK, cholecystokinin; PP, pancreatic polypeptide; PYY, peptide YY; OXM, oxyntomodulin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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