In-hospital cardiology consultation and evidence-based care for nursing home residents with heart failure

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the association between cardiology consultation and evidence-based care for nursing home (NH) residents with heart failure (HF).

Participants: Hospitalized NH residents (n = 646) discharged from 106 Alabama hospitals with a primary discharge diagnosis of HF during 1998-2001.

Design: Observational. MEASUREMENTS OF EVIDENCE-BASED CARE: Preadmission estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for patients with known HF (n = 494), in-hospital LVEF estimation for HF patients without known LVEF (n = 452), and discharge prescriptions of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs or ARBs) to systolic HF (LVEF <45%) patients discharged alive who were eligible to receive those drugs (n = 83). Eligibility for ACEIs or ARBs was defined as lack of prior allergy or adverse effect, serum creatinine lower than 2.5 mg/dL, serum potassium lower than 5.5 mEq/L, and systolic blood pressure higher than 100 mm Hg.

Results: Preadmission LVEF was estimated in 38% and 12% of patients receiving and not receiving cardiology consultation, respectively (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.49; 95% CI, 2.16-5.66; P < .001). In-hospital LVEF was estimated in 71% and 28% of patients receiving and not receiving cardiology consultation, respectively (AOR, 6.01; 95% CI, 3.69-9.79; P < .001). ACEIs or ARBs were prescribed to 62% and 82% of patients receiving and not receiving cardiology consultation, respectively (AOR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07-0.81; P = .022).

Conclusion: In-hospital cardiology consultation was associated with significantly higher odds of LVEF estimation among NH residents with HF; however, it did not translate into higher odds of discharge prescriptions for ACEIs or ARBs to NH residents with systolic HF who were eligible for the receipt of these drugs.