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. 2012 May-Jun;19(3):423-38.
doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000310. Epub 2011 Oct 7.

The economics of health information technology in medication management: a systematic review of economic evaluations

Daria O'Reilly  1 , Jean-Eric Tarride, Ron Goeree, Cynthia Lokker, K Ann McKibbon
Affiliations

The economics of health information technology in medication management: a systematic review of economic evaluations

Daria O'Reilly et al. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2012 May-Jun.

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and synthesis of the evidence surrounding the cost-effectiveness of health information technology (HIT) in the medication process.

Materials and methods: Peer-reviewed electronic databases and gray literature were searched to identify studies on HIT used to assist in the medication management process. Articles including an economic component were reviewed for further screening. For this review, full cost-effectiveness analyses, cost-utility analyses and cost-benefit analyses, as well as cost analyses, were eligible for inclusion and synthesis.

Results: The 31 studies included were heterogeneous with respect to the HIT evaluated, setting, and economic methods used. Thus the data could not be synthesized, and a narrative review was conducted. Most studies evaluated computer decision support systems in hospital settings in the USA, and only five of the studied performed full economic evaluations.

Discussion: Most studies merely provided cost data; however, useful economic data involves far more input. A full economic evaluation includes a full enumeration of the costs, synthesized with the outcomes of the intervention.

Conclusion: The quality of the economic literature in this area is poor. A few studies found that HIT may offer cost advantages despite their increased acquisition costs. However, given the uncertainty that surrounds the costs and outcomes data, and limited study designs, it is difficult to reach any definitive conclusion as to whether the additional costs and benefits represent value for money. Sophisticated concurrent prospective economic evaluations need to be conducted to address whether HIT interventions in the medication management process are cost-effective.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Literature flow of medication management studies. Adapted from the larger AHRQ report. MMIT, medical management information technology.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cost components of economic evaluation in healthcare.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. McKibbon KA, Lokker C, Handler SM, et al. Enabling Medication Management through Health Information Technology. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2011. (AHRQ Publication No. 11–E0080EF). http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/tp/medmgttp.htm
    1. Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, et al. Critical Assessment of Economic Evaluation. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health care programmes. 3rd edn Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005:27–53
    1. Bureau of Labour and Statistics Inflation Calculator. 2011. http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm (accessed 24 Jun 2011).
    1. Bank of Canada Currency Convertor. 2011. http://www.bankofcanada.ca/rates/exchange/10-year-converter/ (accessed 24 Jun 2011).

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