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. 2011 Nov;81(6):1028-35.
doi: 10.2319/021111-101.1.

In vitro assessment of photocatalytic titanium oxide surface modified stainless steel orthodontic brackets for antiadherent and antibacterial properties against Lactobacillus acidophilus

Alok Girish Shah  1 , Pradeep Chandra Shetty, C S Ramachandra, N Sham Bhat, S M Laxmikanth
Affiliations

In vitro assessment of photocatalytic titanium oxide surface modified stainless steel orthodontic brackets for antiadherent and antibacterial properties against Lactobacillus acidophilus

Alok Girish Shah et al. Angle Orthod. 2011 Nov.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the antiadherent and antibacterial properties of surface modified stainless steel orthodontic brackets with photocatalytic titanium oxide (TiO(2)) against Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Materials and methods: This study was done on 120 specimens of stainless steel preadjusted edgewise appliance (PEA) orthodontic brackets. The specimens were divided into four test groups. Each group consisted of 30 specimens. Groups containing uncoated brackets acted as a control group for their respective experimental group containing coated brackets. Surface modification of brackets was carried out by the radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method with photocatalytic TiO(2). Brackets then were subjected to microbiological tests for assessment of the antiadherent and antibacterial properties of photocatalytic TiO(2) coating against L acidophilus.

Results: Orthodontic brackets coated with photocatalytic TiO(2) showed an antiadherent effect against L acidophilus compared with uncoated brackets. The bacterial mass that was bound to the TiO(2)-coated brackets was less when compared with the uncoated brackets. Furthermore, TiO(2)-coated brackets had a bactericidal effect on L acidophilus, which causes dental caries.

Conclusion: Surface modification of orthodontic brackets with photocatalytic TiO(2) can be used to prevent the accumulation of dental plaque and the development of dental caries during orthodontic treatment.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering unit. (b) Cathode (target) inside sputtering unit.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Titanium oxide (TiO2) coated stainless steel brackets.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Brackets kept under ultraviolet (UV) exposure for antiadherent assay.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Brackets kept under ultraviolet (UV) exposure for antibacterial assay.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Colonies of Lactobacillus acidophilus on agar plate of control group.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Colonies of Lactobacillus acidophilus on agar plate of test group.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Colonies seen under digital colony counter.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Graph showing comparison of weight change between coated and uncoated stainless steel brackets.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Graph showing comparison of colony counts between the two groups.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Graph showing comparison of logarithm of colony counts between the two groups.
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